The researchers also found that total home bans were more effective in homes without children. This may be because the bans in these homes are targeted specifically at quitting, rather than reducing children’s exposure to secondhand smoke. The findings show the import of smoking bans in homes and cities, according to Al-Delaimy. “California was the first state in the world to ban smoking in public places in 1994 and we are still finding the thetic impact of that ban by changing the social norm and having more homes and cities banning smoking look at this.
Smoking In The US Decreases. Total smoking bans in homes and cities greatly multiplication the likelihood that smokers will cut back or quit, according to a new study Dec 27, 2013. “When there’s a absolute smoking ban in the home, we found that smokers are more likely to reduce tobacco consumption and attempt to quit than when they’re allowed to smoke in some parts of the house,” Dr Wael Al-Delaimy, supervisor of the division of global health, department of family and preventive medicine, University of California, San Diego, said in a university news release. “The same held constant when smokers report a total smoking ban in their city or town.
Having both home and city bans on smoking appears to be even more effective”. The findings are from a survey of more than 1700 current smokers in California. While out-and-out bans on smoking in homes and public places were associated with reduced smoking and quitting, partial bans were not. Total home bans were more effective in reducing smoking amidst women and people 65 and older, while total bans in cities significantly increased the chances that men would quit, but not women, according to the study published online Nov 26, 2013 in the logbook Preventive Medicine.
Influence Of Lead On An Organism Of Children – Part 3 of 3
So “Maintaining a clean cuttingly and encouraging frequent hand-washing are good preventative measures as well. A healthy, well-balanced diet including foods rich in calcium and iron will also help children absorb less contribute to if exposed to the toxic metal”. Over the past decades, nationwide efforts to reduce lead levels in children have included removing lead from gasoline, eliminating lead paint in homes, reducing advanced position levels in children’s products and screening those at high risk hair supplement soflets reviles side effects.
Influence Of Lead On An Organism Of Children – Part 2 of 3
And “Because the brain damage caused to children by lead is permanent, untreatable and extremely costly, fending of lead exposure is the only logical and medically proven approach for dealing with the lead poisoning epidemic”. The CDC noted that previous “level of concern” for blood lead levels in children was set at or above 10 mcg/dL. The redesigned study found significant progress over the past four decades in reducing the number of children with this level of lead in their blood.
From 1976 to 1980, an estimated 88 percent of children elderly 1 to 5 had blood lead levels at or above 10 mcg/dL, compared with 4,4 percent in 1991-1994, 1,6 percent in 1999-2002 and 0,8 percent in 2007-2010. However, there are fixed differences in the blood lead levels of children in different racial/ethnic and income groups that are linked to disparities in housing quality, environmental conditions, nutrition and other factors, the reading said.
Efforts to prevent lead poisoning should target areas and communities where children are most at risk, the study authors recommended in the April 5 issue of the CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Another dexterous not involved with the report described what parents can do. “Parents may help protect their children by ensuring that their home environments are free of lead-based paint and by keeping children away from olden windows and areas with peeling paint,” said Dr Roya Samuels, a pediatrician at Cohen Children’s Medical Center in New Hyde Park, NY.
Influence Of Lead On An Organism Of Children – Part 1 of 3
Influence Of Lead On An Organism Of Children. There has been a big eliminate in the number of American children with elevated blood lead levels over the past four decades, but about 2,6 percent of children grey 1 to 5 years still have too much lead in their systems, federal officials reported in April 2013. An estimated 535000 children in that adulthood group had blood lead levels at or above 5 micrograms per deciliter (mcg/dL) in 2007 to 2010, according to an analysis of data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A captain level at or above 5 mcg/dL is considered “a level of concern” by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
This level was adopted by the CDC in 2012. One expert said the fresh numbers remain worrisome. “We have made extraordinary progress against childhood lead poisoning in the United States over the past two decades,” said Dr Philip Landrigan, chief honcho of the Children’s Environmental Health Center at the Mount Sinai Medical Center, in New York City.
However, “despite this success, lead poisoning is still epidemic in American children”. The consequences of induce transmitting from the environment to children can be dire who was not involved in the new report. He said that the 535000 children cited in the report are vulnerable to “brain damage with loss of IQ, shortening of acclaim span and lifelong disruptions in their behavior as a direct result of their exposure to lead”.
Experts Call For Reducing The Amount Of Salt In The Diet Of Americans – Part 3 of 3
A federal program will also, “provide companies the level playing field they need so they are able to work across the board to reduce sodium chloride in the food supply,” the Henney statement said. “Lowering sodium by the food industry in a stepwise, monitored fashion will minimize changes in flavor and still provide adequate amounts of this essential nutrient that are compatible with believable health”.
The recommended maximum daily intake of sodium for an adult American is 2,300 milligrams a day, the amount in about one tablespoon of salt, while the recommended adequate intake is 1,500 milligrams, and even trim for those over 50. But Americans consume 3,400 milligrams of sodium, on average, a day, the IOM panelists said.
New York City has been a leader on the salt issue. In January, the conurbation urged food manufacturers and restaurants to reduce sodium in foods by 25 percent over the next five years. The New York program has been endorsed by a number of cities, including Boston, Chicago and Los Angeles.
Reducing zest content while maintaining flavor will be a major challenge for food companies, much greater than reducing calories by cutting sugar. Non-caloric forced sweeteners are in wide use, but no such salt substitute is currently available.
One expert pointed out that, in the meantime, consumers also face a challenge. “All nutritionists work at lowering their patients’ taste intake,” Karen Congro, a nutritionist and director of The Wellness for Life Program at The Brooklyn Hospital Center in New York City, said in a statement. “This is a elephantine problem for people who eat processed food or eat out in restaurants. Anyone who eats more than one or two processed food items per day will get an overdose of salt. Imposing federal standards will urge food manufacturers to create better products by using other herbs and spices to maintain flavor while reducing salt”.
Experts Call For Reducing The Amount Of Salt In The Diet Of Americans – Part 2 of 3
But Dr Jane E Henney, chairwoman of the committee that wrote the sign in and a professor of medicine at the University of Cincinnati, said in a statement that “for 40 years we have known about the relationship between sodium and the development of hypertension and other life-threatening diseases, but we have had virtually no success in cutting back the piquancy in our diets”. According to the new report, 32 percent of American adults now have hypertension, which in 2009 cost over $73 billion to manage and treat.
And the American Medical Association asserts that halving the volume of salt in foods could save 150,000 lives in the United States each year. “There is clearly a direct link between sodium intake and health outcome, said Mary K Muth, commander of food and agricultural research at RTI International, a no-for-profit research organization, and a member of the committee that wrote the report.
Reducing salt in the American diet will take some time. It needs to be done in a stepwise and monitored process. “Consumers will make suitable to lower levels of sodium that will be found to be just as tasty with gradual reductions over time.
There was no debate about the health effects of excess sodium intake, added another board member, Dr Robert J Rubin, clinical professor of medicine at Georgetown University. What we did was to recommend strategies to reduce salt intake consistent with the dietary guidelines for Americans.
One such plan would have the government check on levels of sodium intake as part of the existing national health survey. Some participants in the survey would be asked to have 24-hour tests that would measure cured content of their urine. They do it in the United Kingdom and other countries.
Experts Call For Reducing The Amount Of Salt In The Diet Of Americans – Part 1 of 3
Experts Call For Reducing The Amount Of Salt In The Diet Of Americans. The US Food and Drug Administration should exact steps to mark down the amount of salt in the American diet over the next decade, an expert panel advised Tuesday. In a report from the Institute of Medicine, an independent agency created by Congress to study and advise the federal government on public health issues, the panel recommended that the FDA slowly but surely cut back the levels of salt that manufacturers typically add to foods.
So “Reducing American’s superfluous sodium consumption requires establishing new federal standards for the amount of salt that food manufacturers, restaurants and food service companies can add to their products,” a news loosing from the National Academy of Sciences stated. The plan is for the FDA to “gradually step down the maximum amount of salt that can be added to foods, beverages and meals through a series of incremental reductions,” the report said.
But “The goal is not to ban salt, but rather to bring the amount of sodium in the average American’s diet below levels associated with the risk of hypertension high blood pressure, heart infirmity and stroke, and to do so in a gradual way that will assure that food remains flavorful to the consumer”.
FDA insiders have said that the agency will indeed heed the panel’s recommendations, the Washington Post reported Tuesday.
The Salt Institute, an vigour group, reacted to the news with shock. “Public pressure and politics have trumped science,” said Morton Satin, technical director of the institute. “There is evidence on both sides of the issue, as much against population-wide dry humour reduction as for it. People who are equally well-known in hypertension are arguing on both sides of the issue”.
MD 